Sree Narayana Guru shifted his headquarters from Aruvippuram to Sivagiri in 1904. It is believed that all his subsequent activities were carried out with the conception of Sivagiri as a pilgrimage center.
Varkala's deep historical significance, encompassing the ancient Janardhana Swamy Temple, its captivating natural beauty, and its role as a sacred meditation ground for revered sages like Kanva, combined with its unique naturally formed bathing ghats and the hilly landscape encircled by mountains, it was likely these attributes that inspired Guru to name his headquarters 'Sivagiri’.
The name 'Sivagiri' itself translates to the 'hill of Shiva’, echoing Kailasam, and also implies a hill abundant with prosperity. Varkala's ancient heritage is further highlighted by its mention in the classical message poem, 'Unnuneeli Sandesham’, which praised its pristine water sources. Even today, Varkala is affectionately known as 'Dakshina Kashi' (Southern Kashi)—a title earned by the presence of the Janardhana Swamy Temple, the Shiva Temple on the Sivagiri hills, and the revered Papanasam beach. Papanasam, the western seashore, continues to be a holy pilgrimage center for Hindus.
Sivagiri is situated near the historically famous Varkala tunnel. Following Guru's vision, a previously overgrown area near the tunnel was cleared and meticulously planted with numerous medicinal and agriculturally valuable plants. As these flourished, the region was transformed into a vibrant and beneficial ecosystem. It is probable that Guru's travels broadened his understanding of this region's historical importance and natural uniqueness. Additionally, the insights gained from 'Varkala Mahatmyam,' a work authored by his own Guru, Kummanam Pillai Raman Pillai, likely solidified his decision to make this region the focal point of his activities.
Guru's concept of the Sivagiri pilgrimage was not confined by religious narrow-mindedness. Sivagiri was the central hub for Guru's philosophical, cultural, educational, and religious programs. The consecration of Sharada Devi, the goddess of knowledge, by modernizing traditional ideas concerning temples, took place at the Sharada Mutt in Sivagiri. Children from communities considered “untouchable” were housed in the ashram at Sivagiri and imparted spiritual principles. They were taught Vedic rituals and made priests in the temple. Those who were attracted to spiritual life were given ‘Sanyas Deeksha’ (initiation into asceticism), irrespective of caste, religion, or region. To educate poor children, Guru established Night Schools, Sanskrit Schools, Ayurvedic Schools, and Vedic Schools at the Sivagiri Mutt.
